২০১৯-২০২২ সালে শ্রীলংকার অর্থনৈতিক সংকট দক্ষিণ এশিয়ার দ্বীপরাষ্ট্র শ্রীলংকায় চলমান একটি অর্থনৈতিক সংকট, যার কারণে অভূতপূর্ব মুদ্রাস্ফীতি, বৈদেশিক মুদ্রার ভাণ্ডার প্রায় সম্পূর্ণ নিঃশেষ, চিকিৎসা দ্রব্য সরবরাহে ঘাটতি এবং মৌলিক নিত্যপ্রয়োজনীয় পণ্যদ্রব্যের ব্যাপক মূল্যবৃদ্ধির মতো ঘটনাগুলির সৃষ্টি হয়েছে। ঐ সমরো ক্ষমতাসীন সরকারের অর্থনৈতিক অব্যবস্থাপনাকে মূলত এই সংকটের জন্য দায়ী করা হয়েছে। কর হ্রাস, টাকা সৃষ্টি, দেশব্যাপী জৈব পদ্ধতিতে কৃষিকাজ প্রবর্তন ২০১৯ সালের স্টার সানডের বোমা হামলা, করোনাভাইরাসের আঘাত, ইত্যাদি বহুসংখ্যক কারণ মিলে এই সংকটটির সৃষ্টি হয়েছে বলে মনে করা হচ্ছে। এই সংকটের কারণে যে অর্থনৈতিক দুর্ভোগ সৃষ্টি হয়, তার জের ধরে ২০২২ সালে আসে রাষ্ট্রটির ইতিহাসের বৃহত্তম সরকার-বিরোধী আন্দোলন সংঘটিত হয়। শ্রীলংকাকে সার্বভৌম ঋণখেলাপের জন্য চিহ্নিত করা হয়েছে, কেননা ২০২২ সালের মার্চ মাসে দেশটির বৈদেশিক মুদ্রার ভাণ্ডার ছিল মাত্র ১৯০ কোটি মার্কিন ডলার, যা দিয়ে ২০২২ সালে। দেশটির ৪০০ কোটি মার্কিন ডলার সমমূল্যের বৈদেশিক ঋণ পরিশোধের কোনও সম্ভাবনা নেই। সব মিলিয়ে ২০২২ সালে শ্রীলংকাকে দেশী ও বিদেশী ঋণ মিলিয়ে সব মিলিয়ে ৮৬০ কোটি মার্কিন ডলার ঋণ পরিশোধ করার কথা ছিল। ২০২২ সালের এপ্রিল মাসে শ্রীলংকার সরকার ঋণখেলাপি (দেওলিয়া) হিসেবে নিজেদের ঘোষণা দেয়, যা ১৯৪৮ সালে স্বাধীনতা অর্জনের পরে এইরূপ ঋণখেলাপির সর্বপ্রথম ঘটনা। শ্রীলংকার ক্ষুব্ধ জনতা রাজা পাকসে সরকারের পতন ত্বরান্বিত করে।
-Gk Booster
আমাদের অল-ইন-ওয়ান মোবাইল অ্যাপের মাধ্যমে সীমাহীন শেখার সুযোগ উপভোগ করুন।
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